California Supplemental (CSE) Practice Exam

Which type of soil is best suited for traditional footings in stem walls?

1. High water table soils

2. Expansive soils

3. Stable soils with high bearing capacity

4. Loamy soils

The correct answer is: Stable soils with high bearing capacity

Stable soils with high bearing capacity are the most suitable for traditional footings in stem walls because these soils provide a reliable foundation that can support the weight of the structure above. The stability of the soil prevents excessive settlement or shifting, which is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the building. High bearing capacity indicates that the soil can withstand loads without failing, making it ideal for the structural requirements of footings. In contrast, high water table soils can lead to problems such as hydrostatic pressure that may compromise the footing or foundation. Expansive soils, known for their tendency to swell when wet and shrink when dry, can cause significant movement that jeopardizes the stability of the structure. While loamy soils might have decent drainage and nutrient content, they do not necessarily provide the high bearing capacity needed for reliable footings. Therefore, stable soils with high bearing capacity emerge as the best choice for constructing effective and safe traditional footings in stem walls.